September 15, 2017-December 31, 2017
Radical Women: Latin American Art, 1960-1985, Hammer Museum in 2017; Brooklyn Museum, New York, and Pinacoteca, Sao Paulo, in 2018.
Radical Women: Latin American Art, 1960–1985 presented the work of 120 women artists and collectives active in Latin America and the United States during a key period in Latin American history and the development of contemporary art. The artists represented fifteen countries and included emblematic figures such as Lygia Clark, Ana Mendieta, and Marta Minujín as well as lesser-known contemporaries such as Zilia Sánchez, Feliza Bursztyn, and Leticia Parente. The exhibition was the first survey of radical and feminist art practices in Latin America and among Latina artists in the United States.
For women artists in Latin America, the decades covered by the exhibition were a time of both repression and liberation. Most countries in the region were ruled by dictatorships or riven by civil war at some point during these years. The lives of many of the artists featured in Radical Women were thus enmeshed in experiences of authoritarianism, imprisonment, exile, torture, violence, and censorship. Yet this period also saw the emergence of new sensibilities. While few Latin American women artists identified as feminists, their works and their lives often manifested a vision of the female universe at odds with the region’s repressive regimes and deeply rooted patriarchal values. The Latina and Chicana artists working in the United States developed an aesthetic that addressed the marginalization of women and of their own communities in American society. Many of them participated in the civil rights, antiwar, gay rights, and feminist movements. Whether based in Latin America or the United States, the artists embraced the expanded possibilities of the era, with some contributing to the revitalization of traditional mediums such as painting and sculpture and others taking up new disciplines such as video art, performance, and conceptual practices.
Central to the diverse works on view in Radical Women is the notion of the political body. The themes around which the exhibition is organized—the self-portrait, the relationship between the body and landscape, the mapping of the body, the erotic, the power of words, the performative body, resistance and fear, feminisms, and social places—serve to render visible the shared concerns of artists across a vast geographic region.
Radical Women: Latin American Art, 1960–1985 was co-curated by Cecilia Fajardo-Hill and Andrea Giunta and organized by the Hammer Museum, Los Angeles, as part of Pacific Standard Time: LA/LA, an initiative of the Getty with arts institutions across Southern California. September 15, 2017—January 1, 2018. The exhibition toured to The Brooklyn Museum, New York, April 13–July 22, 2018 and to Pinacoteca, Sao Paulo, August 18–November 19, 2018
ESPAÑOL
Mujeres radicales: arte latinoamericana, 1960-1985
Mujeres radicales: arte latinoamericana, 1960-1985 presenta el trabajo de 120 mujeres artistas y colectivos, ambos activos en América Latina y los Estados Unidos durante un período clave en la historia de Latinoamérica y en el desarrollo del arte contemporáneo. Las artistas presentes en la muestra representan a quince países , y la selección incluye a figuras emblemáticas como Lygia Clark, Ana Mendieta y Marta Minujín, así como a artistas coetáneas menos conocidas Zilia Sánchez, Feliza Bursztyn y Leticia Parente. Esta exposición es el primer panorama de las prácticas radicales y feministas que se desarrollaron tanto en América Latina como de las artistas latinas viviendo en los Estados Unidos.
Las artistas de América Latina vivieron momentos tanto de represión como de liberación durante las décadas que abarca la muestra. Casi todos los países de la región eran gobernados por dictaduras o divididos por guerras civiles en algún momento durante ese período. Las vidas de muchas de las artistas de Mujeres radicales estuvieron por lo tanto implicadas en experiencias de autoritarismo, cárcel, exilio, tortura, violencia y censura. Sin embargo, ésta etapa también vivió la emergencia de nuevas sensibilidades. Algunas de las mujeres artistas latinoamericanas identificadas como feministas, a menudo manifestaron una visión del universo femenino contraria a los regímenes represivos firmemente anclados en valores patriarcales. Las artistas latinas y chicanas que trabajaban en los Estados Unidos, desarrollaron propuestas estéticas que tenían que ver con temas de marginalización de la mujer y de sus propias comunidades en la sociedad americana. Muchas de ellas participaron en la lucha por los derechos civiles, en contra de la guerra, por los derechos de los homosexuales, y a favor de los movimientos feministas. Bien fuese viviendo en América Latina o en los Estados Unidos, las artistas abordaron todas las posibilidades expansivas del momento, y mientras algunas contribuyeron a la revitalización de los medios tradicionales como la pintura y la escultura, otras abordaron nuevas disciplinas tales como el video arte, la performance y las prácticas conceptuales.
El núcleo central de las obras que conforman Mujeres radicales es la noción del cuerpo político. Los ejes temáticos en torno a los cuales la exposición fue organizada —el autorretrato, la relación entre el cuerpo y el paisaje, el cuerpo cartografiado, lo erótico, el poder de las palabras, el cuerpo actuando, miedo y resistencia así como feminismos y el lugar social — sirven para ilustrar los intereses y las problemáticas compartidas de estas artistas a través de una vasta región geográfica.
Mujeres radicales: arte latinoamericana, 1960-1985 fue co-curada por Cecilia Fajardo-Hill y Andrea Giunta y fue organizada por el the Hammer Museum, Los Angeles, como parte de Pacific Standard Time: LA/LA, una iniciativa de la Getty junto a otras instituciones en el sur de California. September 15, 2017—January 1, 2018
La exhibición itineró al Brooklyn Museum, New York, April 13–July 22, 2018 y a Pinacoteca, Sao Paulo, August 18–November 19, 2018
Participating artists
ARGENTINA – María Luisa Bemberg (1922–1995), Delia Cancela (1940), Graciela Carnevale (1942), Alicia D’Amico & Sara Facio (1933–2001 & 1932), Diana Dowek (1942), Graciela Gutiérrez Marx (1945), Narcisa Hirsch (1928-2019), Ana Kamien & Marilú Marini (1935 & 1940), Lea Lublin (1929–1999), Liliana Maresca (1951–1994), Marta Minujín (1941), Marie Orensanz (1936), Margarita Paksa (1933), Liliana Porter (1941), Dalila Puzzovio (1943), Marcia Schvartz (1955).
BRAZIL – Mara Álvares (1948), Claudia Andujar (1931), Martha Araújo (1943), Vera Chaves Barcellos (1938), Analívia Cordeiro (1954), Liliane Dardot (1946), Lenora de Barros (1953), Iole de Freitas (1945), Yolanda Freyre (1940) (Pinacoteca), Anna Bella Geiger (1933), Carmela Gross (1946), Nelly Gutmacher (1941) (Pinacoteca), Ana Maria Maiolino (1942), Marcia X (1959–2005), Wilma Martins, (1934) (Pinacoteca), Ana Vitoria Mussi (1943), Lygia Pape (1927–2004), Letícia Parente (1930–1991), Wanda Pimentel (1943), Neide Sá (1940), Maria do Carmo Secco (1933) (Pinacoteca), Regina Silveira (1939), Teresinha Soares (1927), Amelia Toledo (1926), Celeida Tostes (1929–1995), Regina Vater (1943).
CHILE – Gracia Barrios (1927), Sybil Brintrup & Magali Meneses (1954-2020 & 1950), Roser Bru (1923), Gloria Camiruaga (1941–2006), Luz Donoso (1921–2008), Diamela Eltit (1949), Paz Errázuriz (1944), Virginia Errázuriz (1941), Catalina Parra (1940), Lotty Rosenfeld (1943-2020), Janet Toro (1963), Eugenia Vargas (1949), Cecilia Vicuña (1947).
COLOMBIA – Alicia Barney (1952), Delfina Bernal (1940), Feliza Bursztyn (1933–1982), Maria Teresa Cano (1960), Beatriz González (1938), Sonia Gutiérrez (1947), Karen Lamassonne (1954), Alicia Barney (1952), Delfina Bernal (1940), Maria Teresa Cano (1960), Beatriz González (1938), Sonia Gutiérrez (1947), Karen Lamassonne (1954), Sandra Llano Mejía (1951), Clemencia Lucena (1945–1983), María Evelia Marmolejo (1958), Sara Modiano (1951–2010), Rosa Navarro (1955), Patricia Restrepo (1954), Nirma Zárate (1936–1999).
COSTA RICA – Victoria Cabezas (1950)
CUBA – Antonia Eiriz (1929–1995), Ana Mendieta (1948–1985), Marta María Pérez (1959), Zilia Sánchez (1928)
GUATEMALA – Margarita Azurdia (1931–1998)
MEXICO – Yolanda Andrade (1950), Maris Bustamante (1949), María Eugenia Chellet (1948) (Pinacoteca), Ximena Cuevas (1963), Lourdes Grobet (1940), Silvia Gruner (1959), Kati Horna (1912–2000), Graciela Iturbide (1942), Ana Victoria Jiménez (1941), Magali Lara (1956), Mónica Mayer (1954), Sarah Minter (1953–2016), Marta Palau (1934), Polvo de Gallina Negra (1983–1993), Carla Rippey (1950), Jesusa Rodríguez (1955), Pola Weiss (1947–1990)
PANAMA – Sandra Eleta (1942)
PARAGUAY – Olga Blinder (1921–2008), Margarita Morselli (1952)
PERU – Teresa Burga (1935), Gloria Gómez Sánchez (1921–2007), Johanna Hamann (1954), Victoria Santa Cruz (1922-2014)
PUERTO RICO – Poli Marichal (1955), Frieda Medín (1954)
UNITED STATES – Celia Alvarez Muñoz (1937), Judy Baca (1946), Barbara Carrasco (1955), Josely Carvalho (b. Brazil, 1942), Isabel Castro (1954), Sara Gomez (b.Cuba, 1942–74) (Brooklyn Museum), Ester Hernández (b.1944) (Brooklyn Museum),Yolanda López (1942), María Martínez-Cañas (b. Cuba, 1960), Marta Moreno Vega (b.1942) (Brooklyn Museum), Sylvia Palacios Whitman (b. Chile, 1941), Sophie Rivera (1938), Sylvia Salazar Simpson (1939), Patssi Valdez (1951)
URUGUAY – Nelbia Romero (1938–2015), Teresa Trujillo (1937)
VENEZUELA – Mercedes Elena González (1952), Marisol (1930), Margot Romer (1938), Antonieta Sosa (1940), Tecla Tofano (1927), Ani Villanueva (1954), Yeni & Nan (1977–1986).
127 Latin American, Latina and Chicana women artists, between three venues
Breakdown of works by medium: photography 28%; video 21%; mixed media 18%; installation/sculpture 13%; painting 10%; and ephemera 10%.
Exhibition entryway sign.
Installation view at the Hammer Museum, Los Angeles
Radical Women: Latin American Art,
1960–1985. September 15–December 31, 2017.
Photo: Brian Forrest
Exhibition timeline and entryway sign.
Installation view at the Hammer Museum, Los Angeles
Radical Women: Latin American Art,
1960–1985. September 15–December 31, 2017.
Photo: Brian Forrest
“Self-Portrait” gallery.
Victoria Santa Cruz, Me gritaron negra (They shouted black at me),
1978. Installation view at the Hammer Museum, Los Angeles
Radical Women: Latin American Art, 1960–1985.
September 15–December 31, 2017.
Photo: Brian Forrest
“Self-Portrait” gallery.
Projected on suspended screen: Lenora de Barros,
Homenagem a George Segal (Homage to George Segal), 1984,
From left to right: Patssi Valdez, Limitations beyond my control, 1975,
Judith F. Baca, Las Tres Marías (The three Marias), 1976.
Installation view at the Hammer Museum, Los Angeles.
Radical Women: Latin American Art, 1960–1985.
September 15–December 31, 2017.
Photo: Brian Forrest
“Body Landscape” gallery.
Foreground: Vera Chaves Barcellos, Epidermic Scapes, 1977/1982, From left to right: Lygia Pape, O Ovo (The Egg), 1967, Celeida Tostes, Passagem (Passage), 1979/1992; Yeni y Nan, Transfiguración elemento tierra: Yeni & Nan (Transfiguration element earth: Yeni & Nan), and Transfiguración elemento tierra (Transfiguration element earth), 1983 Installation view at the Hammer Museum, Los Angeles
Radical Women: Latin American Art, 1960–1985.
September 15–December 31, 2017.
Photo: Brian Forrest
“Body Landscape” gallery.
Foreground: Vera Chaves Barcellos, Epidermic Scapes, 1977/1982.
Installation view at the Hammer Museum, Los Angeles
Radical Women: Latin American Art, 1960–1985.
September 15–December 31, 2017.
Photo: Brian Forrest
“Mapping the Body” gallery.
Foreground, from left to right: Johanna Hamann, Barrigas (Bellies), 1979–83, and Marta Palau, Ilerda V, 1973 (hanging).
Installation view at the Hammer Museum, Los Angeles
Radical Women: Latin American Art, 1960–1985.
September 15–December 31, 2017.
Photo: Brian Forrest
Foreground: “Resistance and Fear” gallery.
Graciela Carnevale, Acción del encierro (Lock-up Action), 1968.
“Performing the Body” gallery. Background wall, from left to right: Analívia Cordeiro, M 3×3, 1973, and Cambiantes (Changing), 1976 Installation view at the Hammer Museum, Los Angeles
Radical Women: Latin American Art, 1960–1985. September 15–December 31, 2017. Photo: Brian Forrest
“The Power of Words” gallery.
Foreground, from left to right: Marie Orensanz, Límites (Limits), 1979, Limitada (Limited), 1978/2013, and Pensar es un hecho revolucionario (Thinking is a revolutionary act), 1974, and Lenora de Barros, Poema (Poem), 1979.
Installation view at the Hammer Museum, Los Angeles.
Radical Women: Latin American Art, 1960–1985. September 15–December 31, 2017. Photo: Brian Forrest
“Resistance and Fear” gallery.
Foreground, on floor: Carmela Gross, Presunto (Ham [slang for “corpse”]), 1968; on walls, from left to right: Lotty Rosenfeld, Una milla de cruces sobre el pavimento (A mile of crosses on the pavement), 1979, and Antonia Eiriz, Testigos (Witnesses), ca. 1967, and Figuras (Figures), ca. 1965. Installation view at the Hammer Museum, Los Angeles
Radical Women: Latin American Art, 1960–1985.
September 15–December 31, 2017.
Photo: Brian Forrest
“Resistance and Fear” gallery.
Foreground: Gloria Camiruaga, Popsicles, 1982/1984. From left to right: Sonia Gutiérrez, Seguiremos diciendo patria (We’ll keep saying homeland), 1972, and Y con unos lazos me izaron (And they lifted me up with rope), 1977. Installation view at the Hammer Museum, Los Angeles
Radical Women: Latin American Art, 1960–1985.
September 15–December 31, 2017.
Photo: Brian Forrest
“Feminisms” gallery.
Center: Ana Victoria Jiménez, photographs from the series Cuaderno de tareas (Assignment Book), 1978–81, and Mónica Mayer, A veces me espantan mis proprios sentimientos, mis fantasías (Sometimes I’m frightened by my own feelings, my fantasies), 1977. Installation view at the Hammer Museum, Los Angeles
Radical Women: Latin American Art, 1960–1985.
September 15–December 31, 2017.
Photo: Brian Forrest
“Feminisms” gallery.
Center: Lea Lublin, Interrogations sur la Femme (Interrogations about Woman), 1978. Installation view at the Hammer Museum, Los Angeles
Radical Women: Latin American Art, 1960–1985.
September 15–December 31, 2017.
Photo: Brian Forrest
“Social Places” gallery.
Front wall left, from top: three prints by Nirma Zárate; bottom, from left to right: three photographs by Graciela Iturbide, four photos by Isabel Castro, from the series Women under Fire, 1980; Front wall right, from top: three photographs by Sandra Eleta, two photographs by Lourdes Grobet from the series La doble lucha (The double struggle), 1981–82, four photographs by Victoria Cabezas. Right wall: Graciela Gutiérrez Marx, Grupo de familia, Reconstrucción del mito (Family Group, Reconstruction of the Myth), 1980. Installation view at the Hammer Museum, Los Angeles
Radical Women: Latin American Art, 1960–1985.
September 15–December 31, 2017.
Photo: Brian Forrest
“Social Places” gallery.
Back wall, from left to right: Marcia Schvartz, Les veines/Las vecinas (The Neighbors), 1980, and Barbara Carrasco, Censorship, 1984. Installation view at the Hammer Museum, Los Angeles Radical Women: Latin American Art, 1960–1985.
September 15–December 31, 2017.
Photo: Brian Forrest
“The Erotic” gallery.
Center, on floor: Feliza Bursztyn, Cama (Bed), 1974. Installation view at the Hammer Museum, Los Angeles. Radical Women: Latin American Art, 1960–1985. September 15–December 31, 2017.
Photo: Brian Forrest
Radical Women
more information:
Radical Women digital archive: https://hammer.ucla.edu/radical-women
https://hammer.ucla.edu/radical-women/documentation
brouchure:
https://hammer.ucla.edu/radical-women/essays
- Link to the essays: Essays | Radical Women: Latin American Art, 1960–1985 Digital Archive | Hammer Museum (ucla.edu)
Link to purchase the book from the Hammer store: Radical Women: Latin American Art, 1960–1985 – Hammer Museum Store (ucla.edu)
Cecilia Fajardo-Hill with Andrea Giunta, editors, Radical Women: Latin American Art, 1960-1985, Los Angeles: Hammer Museum, University of California, and Munich, London and New York: Delmonico Books – Prestel, 2017